نسبة الجلوكوز في الدم Blood Glucose

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blood glucose
Blood Glucose[/move][Blood Glucose and Ketone Monitoring

Ketone Monitoring


The goal to maintaining good diabetes control is keeping your blood-glucose levels as near normal as possible. This includes balancing your diet, exercise, and insulin or oral medication regimen. It also means monitoring your blood-glucose level with a blood test to see how well- balanced these other aspects of treatment really are.

What does my blood test tell me?
The self-blood glucose monitoring test (SBGM) tells you your blood-glucose level at any one time. This will help you decide what adjustments you need to make in your control plan and avoid emergency conditions.
Assume, for example, that you have just finished exercising and you suddenly feel shaky and sweaty. How do you know what is causing this? Is it low blood glucose?
You can find out by taking a blood test. If your test shows your glucose is low, you need to eat a fast-acting sugar. If your blood test is normal, then you do not need to do anything, and the reason you are shaky and sweaty is only because you have just exercised. It would be a mistake if you skipped the blood test and ate a small, fast-acting sugar snack just in case. That could cause your blood glucose to become high later. Do not skip those tests!






When should I test myself?
If you need to see the effects of insulin or diabetes medications, perform your blood test just before breakfast, lunch, dinner, and bedtime. To see the effects of meals, perform your SBGM tests before breakfast, 1 1/2 hours after lunch, 1 1/2 hours after dinner, and at bedtime. These are only guidelines, however; consult your doctor.

How do I test my blood?
There are three methods for monitoring your blood glucose level--visual, meter, and sensor testing. In all three tests, you first need to prick your finger with a special needle (a lancet) to get a drop of blood. For the visual and meter tests, you place this drop of blood on a test strip. In the visual method, you wait for a specified period of time before blotting the blood from the strip. Then wait for the glucose in your blood to change the color of the test strip so you can match it to a color chart on the test strip container. Your health care provider will show you how to interpret and record the test results.
For the meter method, you wait for a specified time before blotting. Then you place the test strip in a computerized blood-glucose meter that interprets and prints your blood-glucose level on a digital screen.
The newest method is the electronic sensor to measure your blood-glucose level. A drop of blood is placed on a designated area, and after a few seconds the display shows your blood-glucose test results.




What kind of results should I look for?
As a rule, glucose levels should be between 100 and 140 at fasting, and 2 hours after a meal, between 140 and 180. Call your doctor if your glucose level is 300 or above for 2 days or if it is 60 or below at anytime. Also, call if you have a repeated low blood-sugar reaction.


Is one test method better than the other?
Some doctors prefer meters or sensors because the digital displays give you an exact number you do not need to guess at the number ****d on a color range. All three tests have been found to be effective. Just make sure you follow the test directions exactly to avoid faulty test results.

What test results should I record?
You should always record the blood test results, date, and time in the log book provided by your doctor. These records will help you and your doctor make adjustments in your diabetes control plan. If your blood-glucose levels are frequently higher or lower than normal, contact your doctor. You should also record the type and dosage of the medication you are using, the times you take the medication, and the results from any ketone tests. Also keep track of anything that may have affected your blood-glucose level, such as too much exercise or a missed meal.





Are there any other monitoring methods?
Urine glucose testing is used by some people to monitor their blood-glucose control, but it is not nearly as helpful. This test can tell whether excess glucose is spilling into your urine, but it cannot tell whether your glucose levels are too low. Also, glycosylated hemoglobin testing is done by your physician to measure long-term blood-glucose control. It does not replace SBGM.




What is ketone testing?
Ketone testing can help you avoid a dangerous condition called ketoacidosis. Ketones form in your blood when the body cannot get enough energy from glucose. Your body begins to break down fat for energy, releasing toxic ketones into the blood. As ketones build up, they spill into the urine and can reach dangerously high levels.
A popular method to test for ketones uses "dip-and-read" strips. Dip a test strip into a urine sample and wait a few seconds. Compare the color of the strip with the color chart provided with the kit to see if ketones are present. Record the test result in your log book. Test for ketones whenever your blood glucose is above 240 mg/dL or whenever you feel sick or have an infection.
If ketones are present, take action to lower your blood-glucose level. Wait 2 hours, then test your urine again. If ketones are still present, call your doctor.
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